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26052 Infliximab Quantitation with Reflex to Infliximab Abs, Serum (INFXR)

Infliximab Quantitation with Reflex to Infliximab Abs, Serum (INFXR)
Test Code: INFXRSO
Synonyms/Keywords

Anti-TNF inhibitor, Auto-immune disease treatment, INFXR, INFX, INXAB, REMICADE, RENFLEXIS, Inflectra, Infliximab abda, Infliximab, 63437, 63000, 63417

Infliximab Quantitation with Reflex to Antibodies to Infliximab, Serum

Infliximab w/reflex Ab (INFXR)

Test Components
Infliximab will be performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on all samples. When Infliximab results are below 5.1 mcg/mL, testing for antibodies to infliximab will be performed at an additional charge.
Useful For
Trough level quantitation for evaluation of patients with loss of response to infliximab and infliximab-dyyb
Specimen Requirements
Fasting Required Specimen Type Preferred Container/Tube Acceptable Container/Tube Specimen Volume Specimen Minimum Volume
(allows for 1 repeat)
Pediatric Minimum Volume
(no repeat)
​No ​Serum ​Red Top Tube (RTT) ​1 mL ​0.5 mL
Collection Processing Instructions

For 12 hours before specimen collection do not take multivitamins or dietary supplements containing biotin (vitamin B7), which is commonly found in hair, skin, and nail supplements and multivitamins.

Draw blood immediately before next scheduled dose (trough specimen).

Centrifuge within 2 hours of collection.

Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type Temperature Time
​Serum ​ ​Frozen (preferred) ​28 days
​Refrigerate ​28 days
Rejection Criteria
Gross Hemolysis
​Gross Icterus
Interference

Toxicity effects other than acute hypersensitivity infusion reactions have not been described nor correlated with infliximab concentrations. 

During the initial induction phase of treatment (weeks 0, 2 and 6), steady-state has not been achieved and concentrations of infliximab may vary significantly between infusions.

Therapeutic concentrations of infliximab may vary according to the disease (eg, Crohn disease vs ulcerative colitis vs rheumatoid arthritis).

Samples containing more than 12.5 ng/mL biotin (vitamin B7) may interfere (in the form of depressed signal) with INXAB / Infliximab Antibodies, Serum.

For antibodies-to-infliximab (ATI), pediatric and adult reference ranges were validated, and the presence of an ATI is established as greater than or equal to 50 U/mL by our bridging electrochemiluminescent/acid dissociation method.

The presence of endogenous infliximab is a recognized interference in most ATI methods. This assay includes an acid dissociation step, which partially mitigates this interference. Tolerance up to 12.5 mcg/mL infliximab has been documented, although this is also determined by the titer of the ATI present in the patient sample

Performing Laboratory Information
Performing Location Day(s) Test Performed Analytical Time Methodology/Instrumentation
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories

INFX: Monday, Wednesday, Thursday

INXAB: Monday, Wednesday, Friday

​3-6 days

​INFXR, INFX:  Selective Reaction Monitoring Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

INXAB: Electrochemiluminescent Bridging Immunoassay with Acid Dissociation

Reference Lab
Test Information

​Infliximab (Remicade, Renflexis, Inflectra) is a chimeric immunoglobulin (IgG1 kappa) targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), and it is currently FDA-approved for the treatment of multiple inflammatory conditions. Infliximab binds to soluble TNF-a and transmembrane homotrimers, which are found on the surface of macrophages and T-cells, with similar affinity. Infliximab has the ability to mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which leads to the lysis of target cells.

Infliximab pharmacokinetic properties may vary with disease and clearance is affected by concomitant use of immunosuppressants, high concentrations of TNF-a and C-reactive proteins, low albumin concentrations, high body mass index, and presence of antibodies to infliximab (ATI), also known as human antichimeric antibodies (HACA). Males seem to clear infliximab faster than females.

Several studies have demonstrated that infliximab quantitation in the setting of loss of response to therapy can aid in patient management, as trough concentrations defined as therapeutic have been associated with superior clinical response and improved prognosis.

Evaluation of infliximab concentrations may be of value for all inflammatory diseases for which it is prescribed. Primary indications for testing of infliximab include loss of response, partial response on initiation of therapy, autoimmune or hypersensitivity reactions, primary nonresponse, reintroduction after drug holiday, endoscopic/computed tomography enterography recurrence (in inflammatory bowel disease), and acute infusion reactions.

Measurement of infliximab concentrations is indicated at trough, immediately prior to the next scheduled infusion. Low trough concentrations may be correlated with loss of response to infliximab. Assessment of antibodies to infliximab is suggested when infliximab quantitation at trough is 5.0 mcg/mL or less. Infliximab concentrations tend to stabilize after 14 weeks (approximately 100 days). Quantitation of peak infliximab concentrations is strongly discouraged.

The ATI assay has been verified to analyze infliximab and infliximab-dyyb (Inflectra, Pfizer Inc) with no analytical differences between the 2 drugs quantitation. Inflectra has the same primary amino acid sequence as Remicade and Renflexis. Therefore, "infliximab" will be used to refer to both the reference product and the biosimilar product interchangeably.

A biosimilar product is a biological product that is approved based on showing that it is highly similar to an FDA-approved biological product, known as the reference product. No clinically meaningful differences in terms of safety and effectiveness from the reference product are present. Only minor differences in clinically inactive components are allowable in biosimilar products. In contrast to generic medications, a prescription of biosimilars needs to come from the ordering physician and not the dispensing pharmacy (pharmacies cannot substitute a biosimilar for another medication; a separate prescription is required).

Reference Range Information
Performing Location Reference Range
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories
INFLIXIMAB QUANTITATION:  Limit of quantitation is 1.0 mcg/mL. Therapeutic ranges are disease specific.
 
Pediatric reference ranges are not established.
 

INFLIXIMAB ANTIBODIES:  Absence of antibodies to infliximab (ATI) is defined as <50 U/mL

Presence of ATI is reported as positive when concentrations are > or =50 U/mL

Interpretation
Low trough concentrations may be correlated with loss of response to infliximab. For infliximab trough concentrations less than or equal to 5.0 mcg/mL, testing for antibodies to infliximab (ATI) is suggested.
 
For infliximab trough concentrations above 5.0 mcg/mL, the presence of ATI is unlikely; patients experiencing loss of response to infliximab may benefit from an increased dose or a shorter infusion interval.
 
Results above 35 mcg/mL are suggestive of a blood draw at a time-point in treatment other than trough.
Outreach CPTs
CPT Modifier
(if needed)
Quantity Description Comments
80230 ​1 ​Infliximab
​82397 ​1 ​Infliximab Antibodies ​If needed
Synonyms/Keywords

Anti-TNF inhibitor, Auto-immune disease treatment, INFXR, INFX, INXAB, REMICADE, RENFLEXIS, Inflectra, Infliximab abda, Infliximab, 63437, 63000, 63417

Infliximab Quantitation with Reflex to Antibodies to Infliximab, Serum

Infliximab w/reflex Ab (INFXR)

Test Components
Infliximab will be performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on all samples. When Infliximab results are below 5.1 mcg/mL, testing for antibodies to infliximab will be performed at an additional charge.
Ordering Applications
Ordering Application Description
​COM Infliximab Qnt w/reflex to Infliximab Abs (INFXR)
​Cerner Infliximab w/reflex Ab (INFXR)
If the ordering application you are looking for is not listed, contact your local laboratory for assistance.
Specimen Requirements
Fasting Required Specimen Type Preferred Container/Tube Acceptable Container/Tube Specimen Volume Specimen Minimum Volume
(allows for 1 repeat)
Pediatric Minimum Volume
(no repeat)
​No ​Serum ​Red Top Tube (RTT) ​1 mL ​0.5 mL
Collection Processing

For 12 hours before specimen collection do not take multivitamins or dietary supplements containing biotin (vitamin B7), which is commonly found in hair, skin, and nail supplements and multivitamins.

Draw blood immediately before next scheduled dose (trough specimen).

Centrifuge within 2 hours of collection.

Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type Temperature Time
​Serum ​ ​Frozen (preferred) ​28 days
​Refrigerate ​28 days
Rejection Criteria
Gross Hemolysis
​Gross Icterus
Interference

Toxicity effects other than acute hypersensitivity infusion reactions have not been described nor correlated with infliximab concentrations. 

During the initial induction phase of treatment (weeks 0, 2 and 6), steady-state has not been achieved and concentrations of infliximab may vary significantly between infusions.

Therapeutic concentrations of infliximab may vary according to the disease (eg, Crohn disease vs ulcerative colitis vs rheumatoid arthritis).

Samples containing more than 12.5 ng/mL biotin (vitamin B7) may interfere (in the form of depressed signal) with INXAB / Infliximab Antibodies, Serum.

For antibodies-to-infliximab (ATI), pediatric and adult reference ranges were validated, and the presence of an ATI is established as greater than or equal to 50 U/mL by our bridging electrochemiluminescent/acid dissociation method.

The presence of endogenous infliximab is a recognized interference in most ATI methods. This assay includes an acid dissociation step, which partially mitigates this interference. Tolerance up to 12.5 mcg/mL infliximab has been documented, although this is also determined by the titer of the ATI present in the patient sample

Useful For
Trough level quantitation for evaluation of patients with loss of response to infliximab and infliximab-dyyb
Test Components
Infliximab will be performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on all samples. When Infliximab results are below 5.1 mcg/mL, testing for antibodies to infliximab will be performed at an additional charge.
Reference Range Information
Performing Location Reference Range
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories
INFLIXIMAB QUANTITATION:  Limit of quantitation is 1.0 mcg/mL. Therapeutic ranges are disease specific.
 
Pediatric reference ranges are not established.
 

INFLIXIMAB ANTIBODIES:  Absence of antibodies to infliximab (ATI) is defined as <50 U/mL

Presence of ATI is reported as positive when concentrations are > or =50 U/mL

Interpretation
Low trough concentrations may be correlated with loss of response to infliximab. For infliximab trough concentrations less than or equal to 5.0 mcg/mL, testing for antibodies to infliximab (ATI) is suggested.
 
For infliximab trough concentrations above 5.0 mcg/mL, the presence of ATI is unlikely; patients experiencing loss of response to infliximab may benefit from an increased dose or a shorter infusion interval.
 
Results above 35 mcg/mL are suggestive of a blood draw at a time-point in treatment other than trough.
For more information visit:
Performing Laboratory Information
Performing Location Day(s) Test Performed Analytical Time Methodology/Instrumentation
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories

INFX: Monday, Wednesday, Thursday

INXAB: Monday, Wednesday, Friday

​3-6 days

​INFXR, INFX:  Selective Reaction Monitoring Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

INXAB: Electrochemiluminescent Bridging Immunoassay with Acid Dissociation

Reference Lab
For billing questions, see Contacts
Outreach CPTs
CPT Modifier
(if needed)
Quantity Description Comments
80230 ​1 ​Infliximab
​82397 ​1 ​Infliximab Antibodies ​If needed
For most current information refer to the Marshfield Laboratory online reference manual.